Dataset title: Temperature Change in Canada – Annual average temperature departures from 1961–1990 reference value, Canada - Data table
Dataset link: https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/49118c5d-850c-40bd-af75-4f47650a9800/resource/ea04c9cb-2c3c-46da-ae45-a478372b35ef

This dataset contains temperature departures ( in percentages ) throughout Canada from 1948 to 2018.

What are temperature departures?

Temperature departures are departures from the AVERAGE temperature of the region. This metric indicates how much temperature has deviated ( in percentage in this observation ) from the average temperature value, which helps in understanding long-term trends.

What concerns us with temperature departures?

Climate change is associated with global warming, which leads to a rise in temperature over time.

For reference, the last ice age was only about 5 degrees colder than today's average temperature. Even a 2 degrees celsius rise by 2100 can lead to a 36 to 87 cm rise in sea levels.

Higher temperatures have the ability to cause major food problems, loss of species' natural habitat, more spread of diseases, and extreme heat waves.

ML Model Used: LSTM Recurrent Neural Network

To find out more, click the "ML Methods Used" button on the top navigation bar.

Parameters:

I'm looking back 30 years to predict values until 2030.

As you can see, the graph trends upwards. The dotted line depicts the distinction between real data and predictions. To the left of the dotted line is real data, to the right are predictions by the ML model.

The slope of the regression line is roughly 0.03. This means that the ML model predicts a rise of roughly 0.03 percent in temperature DEPARTURES every year ( higher temperature ) in Canada.

The ML model also predicts that by 2030, temperature departures will be closer to 2%, roughly twice the temperature departures of 2000.

This observation concludes that predicted temperature departures will be approximately double the temperature departures of 2000.

This will cause a higher average temperature, food problems, habitat erosion, and extreme heat waves.